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Jul 14, 2013

Children’s ADHD Prescriptions Increase Nine-fold, Ages Three and Up

Heather Callaghan: The UK, like the U.S., is concerned by a baffling increase in heavy prescription drugs like Ritalin and psychotropics apparently given to children diagnosed with ADHD* as young as three – although guidelines condemn its use for children under age six.

Medical pundits called for a significant decrease and are noticing that parents are pressuring doctors for the meds to increase their children's performance. The same exact issue happens in the U.S. with doctors groups standing up against the trend. Their fear is that Ritalin is prescribed out of expediency and convenience in lieu of more expensive, time-taking options like counseling (and overall health).

Recently, child psychologists gathered at a summit in Manchester to discuss the rising "medicalization of childhood." Ritalin – methylphenidate hydrochloride – is considered safe by allopathic standards and time-tested, but is a serious drug with the ability to cause nausea, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, heart problems, heart attacks and is linked to suicide. It is considered comparably safe to hardcore self-medicating like alcohol (think: quick dopamine shot), cocaine, and Speed. But for kids?? Three-year-olds??

The education and child psychology department of the British Psychological Society pointed out a nine-fold increase ADHD prescriptions for children. According to the NHS, in 1997, there were around 92,000 prescriptions. Compare that to nearly 800,000 prescriptions last year! This is only in the UK - the U.S. is a different story. Over here, sales of ADHD stimulants more than doubled between 2007 and 2012, from $4 billion to $9 billion. England's and Wales' own guidelines recommend a "comprehensive" program to help struggling children such as counseling and educational tools, among others.

Vivian Hill, chairperson of the BPS, finds that a comprehensive program does not always come into play. 
 Budgets have been cut and psychiatrists feel they can't follow the official guidelines, which recommend therapy before drugs.
Often, the first response now is to issue drugs, not offer therapeutic help.

She estimated that hundreds of children under age six are given ADHD drugs, and that the drugs are of no use absent other support. A study last year by the Association of Educational Psychologists backed Hill's claim. The study found that more than one hundred children under age six were in fact prescribed drugs like Ritalin, in just one locale, and affirmed the trend was more than regional.

A spokesperson from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence believes that drugs have a small role compared to psychotherapy for ADHD management. 

He said:
 These drugs are not recommended as first-line treatments for young people with mild or moderate ADHD. They are recommended as first-line therapy for school-age children and young people with severe ADHD.

A Cambridge professor echoed the thought believing that most cases weren't severe enough for drugs and that therapeutic tools could suffice, saying:
 But the parents are quite keen they should have a drug. Parents know these drugs are cognitive enhancing, so I guess they're trying to get an advantage for the child.

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