"Countries bent over backwards to accommodate the U.S. but they just spit in their faces," said Steve Sawyer, climate policy adviser for Greenpeace International.
On Friday, the final day of negotiations, countries were resolved to proceed without the U.S., Sawyer told IPS.
A surprise speech by former President Bill Clinton (1993-2001) in Montreal on Friday may have played a role in the U.S. turnabout.